¶ SECT. LVI.—EMPEROR AN-NEI.
His Augustness Shiki-tsu-hiko-tama-de-mi dwelt in the palace of Ukiana at Kata-shiha, [^1055] and ruled the Empire. This Heavenly Sovereign wedded Akuto-hime, [^1056] daughter of the Departmental Lord Haye, [^1057] elder brother of Kaha-mata-bime, and begot august children: His Augustness [ p. 190 ] Toko-ne-tsu-hiko-irone, [^1058] next His Augustness Oho-yamato-hiko-suki-tomo, [1] next His Augustness Shiki-tsu-hiko. [2] Of the august children of this Heavenly Sovereign,—three Deities,—His Augustness Oho-yamato-hiko-suki-tomo [was he who afterwards] ruled the Empire. There were two Kings, [3] children of the next [brother], His Augustness [155] Shiki-tsu-hiko. One child [4] (was the ancestor of the Territorial Lords of Suchi in Iga, [5] of the Territorial Lords of Nabari, [6] and of the Territorial Lords of Minu); [7] one child, [8] His Augustness Wa-chi-tsumi, [9] dwelt in the palace of Miwi in Ahaji. [10] So this King had two daughters: the name of the elder was Hahe-irone, [11] and another name for her was Her Augustness Princess Oho-yamato-kuni-are: [12] the name of the younger was Hahe-irodo. [13] The Heavenly Sovereign’s august years were forty-nine. Augustness mausoleum est in privatis partibus Montis Unebi. [14]
[ p. 191 ]
[ p. 192 ] [156]
¶ SECT. LVII.—EMPEROR I-TOKU.
His Augustness Oho-yamato-hiko-suki-tomo dwelt in the palace of Sakahiwo at Karu, [15] and ruled the Empire. This Heavenly Sovereign wedded her Augustness Princess Futo-ma-waka, [16] another name for whom was Her Augustness Princess Ihi-bi, [17] ancestress of the Departmental Lords of Shiki, [18] and begot august children: His Augustness Mi-ma-tsu-hiko-wake-shine, [19] next His Augustness Tagishi-hiko [20] (two Deities). So His Augustness Mi-ma-tsu-hiko-kawe-shine [was he who afterwards] ruled the Empire. The next His Augustness Tagishi-hiko (was the ancestor of the Lords of Chinu, [21] of the Lords of Take in Tajima, [22] and of the Territorial Lords of Ashiwi). [23] The Heavenly Sovereign’s august years were forty-five. His august mausoleum is above the Vale of Manago by Mount Unebi. [24]
[ p. 193 ]
¶ SECT. LVIII.—EMPEROR KO-SHO.
His Augustness Mi-ma-tsu-hiko-kawe-shine dwelt at the palace of Waki-no-kami in Kadzuraki, [25] and ruled the Empire. This Heavenly Sovereign wedded Her Augustness [157] Princess Yoso-taho, [26] younger sister of Oki-tsu-yoso [27] ancestor of the Chiefs of Wohari, [28] and begot august children: His Augustness Ame-oshi-tarashi-hiko, [29] and next His Augustness Oho-yamato-tarashi-hiko-kuni-oshi-bito [30] (two Deities). Now the younger brother, His Augustness Tarashi-hiko-kuni-oshi-bito [was he who afterwards] ruled the Empire. The elder brother His Augustness Ame-oshi-tarashi-hiko (was the ancestor of the Grandees of Kasuga, [31] the Grandees of Ohoyake, [32] the Grandees of Ahata, [33] the Grandees of Wonu; [34] the Grandees of Kaki-no-moto, [35] the Grandees of Ichihiwi; [36] the Grandees of Ohosaka, [37] the Grandees of Ana, [38] the Grandees of Taki: [39] [158] the Grandees of Haguri, [40] the Grandees of Chita, [41] the Grandees of Muza; [42] the Grandees of Tsunuyama, [43] the Dukes of Ihitaka in Ise, [44] the Dukes of Ichishi, [45] and the Rulers of the Land of Chika-tsu-Afumi). [46]
The Heavenly Sovereign’s august years were ninety-three. His August mausoleum is on Mount Hakata [47] at Waki-no-kami.
[ p. 194 ]
[ p. 195 ]
¶ SECT. LIX.—EMPEROR KOAN.
His Augustness Oho-yamato-tarashi-hiko-kuni-oshi-bito dwelt in the palace of Akidzushima at Muro [48] in Kadzuraki, and ruled the Empire. This Heavenly Sovereign wedded his niece Her Augustness Princess Oshika, [49] and begot august children: His Augustness Oho-kibi-no-moro-susumi, [50] next His Augustness, Oho-yamato-ne-ko-hiko-futo-ni [51] (two Deities). So His Augustness Oho-yamato-ne-ko-hiko-futo-ni [159] [was he who afterwards] ruled the Empire. The heavenly Sovereign’s august years were one hundred and twenty-three. His august mausoleum is on the Mound of Tamade. [52]
[ p. 196 ]
¶ SECT. LX.—EMPEROR KŌ-REI.
His Augustness Oho-yamato-ne-ko-hiko-futo-ni dwelt at the Palace of Ihodo at Kuruda, [53] and ruled the Empire. This Heavenly Sovereign wedded Her Augustness Princess Kuhashi, [54] daughter of Ohome, [55] ancestor of the Departmental Lords of Tohochi, [56] and begot an august child: His Augustness Oho-yamato-ne-ko-hiko-kuni-kuru [57] (one Deity). Again he wedded Princess Chiji-haya-ma-waka of Kasuga, [58] and begot an august child: Her Augustness Princess Chiji-haya [59] (one Deity). Again wedding Her Augustness Princess Oho-yamato-kuni-are, [60] he begot august children: Her Augustness Yamato-to-mo-so-bime, [61] next His Augustness Hiko-sashi-kata-wake; [62] next His [160] Augustness Hiko-isa-seri-biko, [63] another name for whom is His Augustness Oho-biki-tsu-hiko: next Yamato-to-bi-haya-waka-ya-hime [64] (four Deities). Again he wedded Haheirodo, [65] younger sister of Her Augustness Princess Are, and begot august children,—His Augustness Hiko-same-ma, [66] next His Augustness Waka-hiko-take-kibi-tsu-hiko [67] (two Deities). The august children of this Heavenly Sovereign [numbered] in all eleven Deities (five kings and three queens). So His Augustness Oho-yamato-ne-ko-hiko-kuni-kuru [was he who afterwards] ruled the Empire. The two Deities His Augustness Oho-kibi-tsu-hiko and His Augustness Waka-take-kibi-tsu-hiko together set sacred jars [68] at the front [69] of the River Hi [70] in Hari-ma; [71] and, making Harima the mouth of the road, [72] subdued and pacified the Land of Kibi. So His Augustness [161] Oho-kibi-tsu-hiko (was the ancestor of the Grandees of Kamu-tsu-michi in Kibi) [73] The next, His Augustness Waka-hiko-take-kiki-tsu-hiko (was the ancestor of the Grandees of Shimo-tsu-michi in [ p. 197 ] Kibi [74] and of the Grandees of Kasa [75]). The next His Augustness Hiko-same-ma (was the ancestor of the Grandees of Uzhika in Harima [76]). The next, His Augustness Hiko-sashi-kata-wake (was the ancestor of the Grandees of Tonami in Koshi, [77] of the Grandees of Kunisaki in the Land of Toyo, [78] of the Dukes of Ihobara, [79] and of the Maritime Suzerains of Tsunuga). [80] The Heavenly Sovereign’s august years were one hundred and six. His august mausoleum is at Umasaka at Kotawoka. [81]
[ p. 198 ]
¶ Footnotes
189:2b I.e., Princess of Akuto, or Akuta,—for the latter form of the name is more common. There exists a place thus called in Settsu. The derivation of the word is obscure. ↩︎
189:1b In Kahachi: uki-ana signifies “floating hole,” Kata-shiha is said to signify “hard rock” (kata-iha); but this seems doubtful, and the reading given by the characters in the text is not Kata-shiha, but Kata-shiho. ↩︎
189:3b Agata-nushi-Haye. The reading of this name is obscure, and its, derivation uncertain. ↩︎
190:4 Irone signifies “elder brother” or “elder sister.” The rest of the compound is obscure. ↩︎
190:6 I.e., “Prince of Shiki”; so called, it is supposed, with reference to the place of residence of his grandfather. ↩︎
190:5 The first three elements of the compound signify “Great Yamato Prince.” The last two are obscure, but Motowori identifies suki (see Note 3 to preceding Sect.) ↩︎
190:7 The character thus translated is
, of which “King ”is the original and proper signification. To judge by some other passages in the ancient histories, it had not yet in the 8th century altogether paled to p. 191 the lesser meaning of “prince,” which has belonged to it in later times when denoting Japanese personages. It is still, as far as possible, used to denote the rulers of all countries excepting Japan, the zealous admirers of the native literature and institutions even designating by it the Emperor of China, who, one would have thought, had a special right to the more Honorific title of Emperor, which his own subjects were the first to invent. On the whole, therefore, “King ”seems to be the most appropriate rendering. The characters 
are, by analogy, rendered “Queen.” ↩︎190:8 The text has “descendant”; but it must here be corrupt or at least faulty, as may be seen by the omission of the proper name. ↩︎
190:9 Iga no Suchi no inaki. The etymology of Iga and that of Suchi are alike obscure. See however Motowori’s Commentary, Vol. XXI, p. 13, for the traditional derivation of the former. It is the name of a small province which in very ancient times formed part of the province of Ise. ↩︎
190:10 Nabari no inaki. Nabari is in Iga. The name signifies, “hiding.” ↩︎
190:11 Minu no inaki. Minu, not to be confounded with the province of the same name, is a place in Iga. The name probably signifies “three moors.” ↩︎
190:12 I.e., the other child. ↩︎
190:13 Motowori reads Chichitsumi. In any case, the name remains obscure. ↩︎
190:14 For Ahaji see Sect. VI, Note 3. Mi-wi signifies “august well,” and the name is traced to the custom of bringing water from the Island of Ahaji for use in the Imperial Palace, as mentioned in Sect. CXXIX of the present work, and elsewhere in the early literature. ↩︎
190:15 Irone means “elder sister.” Hahe is of uncertain import, it being written with completely different characters in the two histories. ↩︎
190:16 Oho-yamato-kuni-are-hime-no-mikoto. Ono-yamato-kuni signifies “the land of Great Yamato,” and hime signifies “princess ”or “maiden.” Motowori suggests that are, which is an obscure word, may signify “pure.” ↩︎
190:17 Irodo signifies “younger sister.” For hahe conf. Note 15. ↩︎
190:18 Scil. in interiori parte montis, e.g. in spelunca. Motowori explains the use of the term by reference to such words as foot, where the name of a portion of the human body is applied to a mountain. In Japanese there are others besides ashi (“foot”), such as itadaki, hara and koshi. ↩︎
192:1 p. 192 Karu, which still remains as a village in the province of Yamato, was famous down to the early historical days of Japan, being often mentioned by the poets. The derivation of the name is quite uncertain. Sakahi-wo probably signifies “boundary mound.” ↩︎
192:2 Futo-ma-wakes-hime-no-mikoto. The compound signifies “vast, true, and young princess.” ↩︎
192:3 Ihibi-hime-no-mikoto. The name seems to signify “rice-sun-princess.” ↩︎
192:4 See Sect. LV, Note 3. ↩︎
192:5 The import of this name is obscure. ↩︎
192:6 i.e., perhaps “rudder prince.” ↩︎
192:7 Chinu no wake. For Chinu see Sect. XLIV, Notes 35 and 36. ↩︎
192:8 Tajima no Take no wake. Motowori tells us that no mention of any place called Take in the province of Tajima is to be found in any other book. ↩︎
192:9 Ashiwi no inaki. The same remark applies to this name as to the last. The two “gentile names” here mentioned are equally unknown except from this passage. ↩︎
192:10 Unebi-yama no Manago-dani. It is in Yamato, and is now called Masago. The name signifies “a sandy place, or desert.” ↩︎
193:1 p. 193 In Yamato. The name of Waki-no-kami is of uncertain derivation. In the “Chronicles” the Emperor Kō-shō is said to have “dwelt at the palace of Ikegokoro at Waki-no-kami.” For Kadzuraki see Sect. LV, Note 1. ↩︎
193:2 Yoso-taho-bime-no-mikoto. Here written phonetically, this name appears in the “Chronicles ”written with characters to which the signification of “perfectly ornamented princess” should be attributed. ↩︎
193:3 The signification of this name is obscure, but it seems to be connected in some way with that of the other sister. ↩︎
193:4 Wohari no murazhi. ↩︎
193:5 I.e., heavenly great perfect prince.” ↩︎
193:6 I.e., “great Yamato perfect prince, country great man.” This name appears in an abbreviated form in the next sentence. ↩︎
193:7 p. 194_Kasuga na omi_. Kasuga is a celebrated place in the province of Yamato. The name is of uncertain origin, though the “Catalogue of Family Names” gives a story referring it to Kasu gaki (
), i.e., “lees fence.” The curious combination of characters with which Kasuga is written,— 
—may be traced to the Pillow-Word haru-hi no ( 
) which was not unnaturally prefixed to a name which so much resembled the Verb kasumu, “to be misty.” ↩︎193:8 Ohoyake no omi. Ohoyake is a place in Yamato. The name signifies “great granary.” ↩︎
193:9 Ahata no omi. Ahata is a place in Yamashiro. The name signifies “millet-field.” ↩︎
193:10 Wonu no omi. Wonu is a place in Afumi. The name signifies “little moor.” ↩︎
193:11 Kakinnomoto-uo-omi. Kaki-no-moto signifies “at the bottom of the persimmon-tree,” and the name is said by the compiler of the “Catalogue of Family Names” to have been granted to this family in allusion to a persimmon-tree which grew near their gate. This name was rendered illustrious in the eighth century by the poet Kakinomoto Hitomaro (See the present writer’s “Classical Poetry of the Japanese,” p. 217 of seq.). ↩︎
193:12 Ichihiwi no omi. Ichihiwi is in Yamato. The name may signify “oak-well.” ↩︎
193:13 Ohosaka no omi. Ohosaka is a place in Bingo. The name signifies “great hill, or pass.” ↩︎
193:14 Ana no omi. Ana is a department in Bingo. The name signifies “hole” or “cave.” ↩︎
193:15 Taki no omi. Taki is a district in Tamba. The name, which is a common one in Japan, means “water-falls.” ↩︎
193:16 Haguri no omi. Haguri is a district in Wohari. The signification of the name is obscure. ↩︎
193:17 Chita no omi. Chita is a district in Wohari. The signification of the name is obscure. ↩︎
193:18 Musa no omi. Mudza is a district in Kadzusa. The name seems to be a corruption of the Chinese words
, “warlike archer.” ↩︎193:19 Tsunuyama no omi. The family, the place, and the signification of the name are alike obscure. ↩︎
193:20 Ise no Ihitaka no kimi. Ihitaka is the name of a district, and is traced to the signification of “abundant rice.” ↩︎
193:21 Ichishi no kimi. Ichishi is a district in Ise. The signification of the name is obscure. ↩︎
193:22 p. 195 Chika tsu Afumi no kuni-no-miyatsuko. For Chika-tsu-Afumi see Sect. XXIX, Note 20. ↩︎
193:23 In Yamato. The signification of the name is obscure. ↩︎
195:1 In Yamato. Muro signifies “cave” or “pit.” Aki-dzu-shima, “the Island of the Dragon-Fly,” is frequently used as an alternative name of Japan (see Sect. V, Note 26). See also the Emperor Yū-riyaku’s song given in Sect. CLVI. ↩︎
195:2 Oshika-hime-no-mikoto. The name Oshika, which is obscure, appears in the “Chronicles” under the form of Oshi, which has generally been interpreted by Motowori (whom the translator follows) as a corruption of ohoshi, “great.” This version of the name makes it harmonize with that of the Princess’s father. ↩︎
195:3 See Sect. LX, Note 11. ↩︎
195:4 This name seems to signify “Great Yamato’s Lord Prince, the Vast Jewel.” ↩︎
195:5 Tamade no woka. In Yamato. For this name see Motowori’s Commentary, Vol. XXI, pp. 37-38. ↩︎
196:1 p. 197 In Yamato. Iho-do signifies “hut door.” Kuru-da (Kuroda would be the more natural reading) signifies “black rice-field.” ↩︎
196:2 Kuhashi-hime-no-mikoto. The name signifies “beautiful princess.” ↩︎
196:3 This seems to have been originally not a personal name, but the name of a place in Wohari. ↩︎
196:4 To-hochi no agata-mushi. Tohochi is a district in Yamato. The name seems to signify “ten marts.” ↩︎
196:5 This name signifies “great Yamato’s lord prince who rules the land.” ↩︎
196:6 Kasuga no-chiji-haya-ma-waka-hime. This name probably signifies “the thousand-fold brilliant truly young princess of Kasuga.” For Kasuga see Sect, LVIII, Note 7. ↩︎
196:7 Chiji-haya-hime-no-mikoto, i.e., probably “thousand-fold brilliant princess.” ↩︎
196:8 Oho-yamato-kuni-are-hime-no-mikoto. See Sect. LVI, Note 16. ↩︎
196:9 Motowori assigns to this name the signification of “Yamato’s hundred thousand-fold illustrious princess,” and has a very long note on the subject in Vol. XXI, p. 42, et seq. ↩︎
196:10 The signification of this name is not clear. ↩︎
196:11 I.e., “prince valorously advancing prince.” The alternative name signifies “Great Prince of Kibi,” and both refer to his conquest of the province of Kibi as related a little further on in this Section. Motowori gives good reasons for supposing that Oho-kibi-no-moro-susumi, i.e. “He Who Completely Advances in Great Kibi,” is but another form of the same name, erroneously inserted in the account of the preceding reign (see Sect, LIX, Note 3). ↩︎
196:12 I.e., perhaps “Yamato’s hundred-fold wondrous brilliant young ornamental Princess.” The name resembles that of the elder sister. ↩︎
196:13 For this and the next following names see Sect. LVI, Notes 17 and 16 respectively. ↩︎
196:14 p. 198 This name is obscure, and differs from that given in the parallel passage of the “Chronicles,” where we read Sashima. The latter sounds more authentic. ↩︎
196:15 I.e., “the young prince the brave prince of Kibi.” This name refers to his conquest of Kibi, as related a few lines further on. ↩︎
196:16 I.e., earthenware jars of a moderate size, probably intended to hold the rice-liquor offered to the gods, Being easily broken, they were planted in the ground up to a certain height. ↩︎
196:17 The probable meaning of this peculiar expression is “a bend in the river,” ↩︎
196:18 Written with the character
, “ice,” which may however be only phonetic. No river of this name is anywhere else mentioned as flowing through the province of Harima, and one is tempted to suppose that there is some confusion with the celebrated river Hi, which figures so frequently in the Idzumo cycle of legends. ↩︎196:19 One of the central provinces of Japan, on the northern shores of the Inland Sea. Some derive the name from hagi-hara, “lespedeza moor,” while others, connect it with hari, a “needle,” Neither etymology has much to recommend it. ↩︎
196:20 I.e., “their point of departure.” It must also be remembered that “road ”came to have the sense of “circuit ”or “province,” so that we might translate this phrase by “the commencement of the circuit.” Conf. such denominations as Koshi no michi no kuchi, Koshi no michi no naka, and Koshi no michi no shiri for what are in modern parlance the provinces of Echizen, Etchiū and Echigo. The region nearest to the capital was called the mouth, while equally graphic designations were bestowed on the more remote districts. It was, as we learn by comparison with a passage in the history of the reign of the Emperor Su-jin (see Sect. LXVI, Note 13), customary thus to plant earthenware jars in the earth at the point whence an army started on an expedition, this being considered a means of invoking upon it the blessing of the gods. Not only so, but down to the Middle Ages travellers in general were in the habit of worshipping at the shrine of the god of roads. For “road” in the sense of “circuit,” “province,” or “administrative division ”see Sect. LXVI, Note 2. ↩︎
196:21 Kibi no kamu-tsu-michi no omi. Kamu-tsu-michi i.e., “the Upper Road ”or “Circuit,” was the ancient name of the province of Bizen (or of a portion of it), which formerly was a part of the Land of Kibi. ↩︎
197:22 p. 199 Kibi no shimo-tsu-michi no omi. Shimo-tsu-michi means “the lower road,” and was the ancient name of a portion of the province of Bitchiū, which formerly was a part of the land of Kibi. ↩︎
197:23 Kasa no omi, i.e., “Grandees of the Hat,” a “gentile name” which is referred by the compiler of the “Catalogue of Family Names” to an incident in the reign of the Emperor Ō-jin, which he however by no means clearly relates (See Motowori’s Commentary, Vol. XXI; p.p. 57-58). ↩︎
197:24 Harima no Uzhika no omi. Uzhika is the name of a place. It is written with characters signifying “cow and deer,” but the true derivation is quite uncertain. ↩︎
197:25 Koshi no Tonami no omi. Tonami is a district in Etchiū. The signification of the name is uncertain. ↩︎