Chronological Table

A.H.
11	M.d.; Ab_u_ Bakr Kh.
13	‘Umar Kh.
14	Battle of al-Q_a_dis_i_ya; fall of Jerusalem; al-Basra founded; fall of Damascus.
17	Al-K_u_fa founded; Syria and Mesopotamia conquered.
20	Conquest of Egypt.
21	Battle of Nah_a_wand; Persia conquered.
23	‘Uthm_a_n Kh.
30	Final redaction of the Qur’_a_n.
35	‘Al_i_ Kh.
36	Battle of Carmel.
40	‘Al_i_ d.
41	Mu’_a_wiya I. Kh.; Herat.
49	‘Al-_H_asan d.
56	Samarqand.
60	Schism of Ib_ad_ites from Kh_a_rijites.
61	Karbala & d. of al-_H_usayn.
73	Storm of Mecca & d. of ‘Abd All_a_h b. Az-Zubayr.
74	Carthage.
80	Ma‘bad executed.
81	M. b. al-_H_anafiya d.
93	Toledo.
99-101	‘Umar II. Kh.
110	H_asan al-Ba_s_r_i d.
114	Charles the Hammer at Tours (A. D. 732).
121	Zayd b. Zayn al-‘Abid_i_n d.
124	Az-Zuhr_i_ d.
127-132	Marw_a_n II. Kh.
130	Jahm b. Safw_a_n killed?
131	Wasil b. ‘At_a_ d.
132	Fall of Umayyads; as-Saff_ah_ first ‘Abb_a_sid Kh.
134	First Ib_ad_ite Imam.
135	R_a_bi‘a d.
136-158	Al-Man_su_r Kh.
138-422	Umayyads of Cordova.
140	Ibn al-Muqaffa‘ killed.
143	Halley’s comet.
144	‘Amr b. ‘Ubayd d.?
145	Baghd_a_d founded; ‘A’isha d. of Ja‘far as-_Sa_diq d.
147	Homage to al-Mahd_i_ as successor in Kh.
148	Ja‘far as-_Sa_diq d.
150	Ab_u_ _H_an_i_fa d.; trace of _Su_fi monastery in Damascus.
157	Al-Awz_a_‘i d.
158-169	Al-Mahd_i_ Kh.; John of Damascus d.?
161	Sufy_a_n ath-Thawr_i_ d.; Ibr_a_h_i_m b. Adham d.
165	D_a_’_u_d b. Nu_s_ayr d.
167	Bashsh_a_r b. Burd killed.
170-193	H_a_r_u_n ar-Rash_i_d Kh.
172-375	Idr_i_sids.
179	Malik b. Anas d. 68

A.H.
182	The Q_adi_ Ab_u_ Y_u_suf d.
187	Fall of Barmecides; al-Fu_d_ayl b. ‘Iy_ad_ d.
189	M. b. al-_H_asan d.
198-218	Al-Ma’m_u_n Kh.
200	Ma‘r_u_f of al-Karkh d.; trace of S_u_fi monastery in Khur_a_s_a_n.
204	Ash-Sh_a_fi‘i d.
208	Ab_u_ ‘Ubayda d.; the Lady Naf_i_sa d.
211	Theodorus Abucara d.
212	Decree that the Qur’_a_n is created.
213	Thum_a_ma b. Ashras d.
215	Ab_u_ Sulaym_a_n of Damascus d.; 2nd decree.
218-234	The Mi_h_na; Al-Mu‘ta_s_im Kh.
220	Ma‘mar b. ‘Abb_a_d.
223	F_at_ima of Nays_a_b_u_r d.
226	Ab_u_ Hudhayl M. al-‘All_a_f d.
227	Bishr al-_Ha_fi d.; al-W_a_thiq Kh.
231	An-Nazz_a_m d.
232	Al-Mutawakkil Kh.
234	Decree that Qur‘_a_n is uncreated; Scotus Erigena transl. pseudo-Dionysius, A. D. 850.
240	Ibn Ab_i_ Duw_a_d d.
241	A_h_mad b. _H_anbal d.
243	Al-Ha_rith al-Mu_ha_sib_i d.
245	Dh_u_-n-N_u_n d.; al-Kar_a_b_i_s_i_ d.
250-316	‘Alids of Zaydite branch in north Persia.
255	Al-J_ah_iz d.
256	Ibn Karr_a_m d.
257	Al-Bukh_a_r_i_ d.; Sar_i_ as-Saqa_ti_ d.
260	Al-Kind_i_ d.? M. b. al-_H_asan al-Muta_z_ar vanished.
261	Muslim d.; Ab_u_ Yaz_i_d al-Bis_ta_m_i_ d.
270	D_a_’u_d a_z-Z_a_hir_i_ d.
273	Ibn M_a_ja d.
275	Ab_u_ D_a_’u_d as-Sijist_a_n_i d.
277	Qarma_t_ians hold fortress in Arab ‘Ir_a_q.
279	At-Tirmidh_i_ d.
280	Zaydite Im_a_ms at as-Sa‘da and San‘a.
289	‘Ubayd All_a_h al-Mahd_i_ in North Africa.
295-320	Al-Muqtadir ‘Abb_a_sid Kh.
297	First F_at_imid Kh.; al-Junayd d.
300	Return of al-Ash‘ar_i_.
303	An-Nas_a_’i d.; Al-Jubb_a_‘i d.
309	Al-_H_all_a_j executed.
317	Umayyads of Cordova take title of Commander of the Faithful; Qarma_t_ians in Mecca.
320-447	Buwayhids; al-Ash‘ari d.?
322	Ibn ash-Shalmagh_a_ni.
331	A_t_-T_a_ha_w_i d.
332	Al-M_a_tar_i_d_i_ d.
333-356	Sayf ad-Dawla.
334	Buwayhids in Baghd_a_d; ash-Shibl_i_ d.
339	Return of Black Stone by Qarma_t_ians; al-F_a_r_a_b_i_ d.
356	F_at_imids conquer Egypt; Cairo founded.
360	Ikhw_a_n as-S_af_a fl.
362	Ibn H_a_ni d.
381-422	Al-Q_a_dir Kh.
386	Ab_u_ T_a_lib al-Makk_i_ d.
388-421	Ma_h_m_u_d of Ghazna.
403	Al-B_a_qil_a_n_i_ d.
408	Persecution of Mu‘tazilites under al-Q_a_dir.

A.H.
411	Al-_Ha_kim Fat_imid Kh. vanished; Firdaws_i d.
428	Ibn S_i_n_a_ d.
434	Ab_u_ Dharr d.
440	Al-B_e_r_u_n_i_ d.
447	_T_ughril Beg, the Saljuq, in Baghd_a_d.
449	Ab_u_-l-‘Al_a_ al-Ma’arr_i_ d.
450	Persecution of Ash‘arites.
455	Alp-Arsl_a_n; Ni_za_m al-Mulk Wa_zi_r; end of persecution of Ash‘arites.
456	Ibn _H_azm az-Za_hir_i d.
465	Al-Qushayr_i_ d.
478	Im_a_m al-_H_aramayn d.
481	N_a_sir b. Khusraw d.
483	_H_asan b. as-S_abb_ah seizes Alam_u_t.
485	Ni_za_m al-Mulk assass.
488	Al-Ghazz_a_l_i_ leaves Baghd_a_d.
505	Al-Ghazz_a_l_i_ d.
515	‘Umar al-Khayy_a_m d.
516	Al-Baghaw_i_ d.
524	Ibn T_u_mart al-Mahd_i_ d.
524-558	‘Abd al-Mu’min.
524-667	The Muwa_hh_ids.
533	Ab_u_ Bakr b. B_a_jja d.
537	Ab_u_ H_afs an-Nassf_i d.
538	Az-Zamakhshar_i_ d.
540	Yehuda Halevi d. = A.D. 1145.
546	Ab_u_ Bakr b. al-‘Arab_i_ d.
548	Ash-Shahrast_a_n_i_ d.
558	‘Abd al-Mu’min the Muwa_hh_id d.
558	‘Ad_i_ al-Hakk_a_r_i_ d.
558-580	Ab_u_ Ya‘q_u_b the Muwa_hh_id.
561	‘Abd al-Q_a_dir al-J_i_lan_i_, founder of order of darw_i_shes, d.
567	Conquest of Egypt by Saladin and end of _Fat_imids.
576	Order of Rif_a_‘ites founded.
580	Ab_u_ Ya‘q_u_b d.
580-596	Ab_u_ Y_u_suf al-Man_su_r.
581	Ibn _T_ufayl d.
587	As-Suhraward_i_ executed.
589	Saladin d.
590	Ab_u_ Shuj_a_‘ d.?
595	Ibn Rushd d.; Ab_u_ Y_u_suf al-Man_su_r the Muwa_hh_id d.
601	Maimonides d. = A.D. 1204.
606	Fakhr ad-D_i_n ar-R_a_z_i_ d.
620	Ab_u_-l-_H_ajj_a_j b. _T_uml_u_s d.; Fakhr ad-D_i_n b. ‘As_a_kir d.; St. Francis of Assisi d. = A. D. 1226.
625-941	_H_afsids at Tunis.
630-640	_A_r-Rash_i_d the Muwa_hh_id.
632	‘Umar b. al-F_a_ri_d_.
638	Ibn ‘Arab_i_ d.
648	Frederick II. d. = A.D. 1250.
654	End of Assassins by Mongols; Ash-Sh_a_dhil_i_, founder of order of darw_i_shes, d.
667	Ibn Sab‘_i_n d.; end of Muwa_hh_ids.
672	Jal_a_l ad-D_i_n ar-R_u_m_i_ d.
675	Ah_mad al-Badaw_i, founder of order of darw_i_shes, d.
681	Ibn Khallik_a_n d.
685	Al-Bay_da_w_i_ d.
693, 698-708, 709-741	Mu_h_ammad An-N_as_ir, Maml_u_k Sul_ta_n, reg.
719	An-Na_s_r al-Manbij_i_ d.?
724	Ibn Rushd is still studied at Almeria.
728	Ibn Taym_i_ya d.; Meister Eckhart d. = A.D. 1328.
730	'Abd ar-Razz_a_q d.
756	Al-‘I_j_i d; Heinrich Suso d.
791	At-Taft_aza_n_i_ d.; an-Naqshband_i_, founder of order of darw_i_shes, d.

A.H.
808	Ibn Khald_u_n d.
857	Capture of Constantinople by Ottomans and office of Shaykh al-Isl_a_m created = A.D. 1453. Thomas á Kempis d. = A. D. 1471.
895	M. b. Y_u_suf as-San_u_s_i_ d.
907	Accession of _S_afawids.
922	Conquest of Egypt by Ottoman Turks.
945	Death of al-Mutawakkil, last ‘Abb_a_sid.
951	Beginning of Shar_i_fs of Morocco.
973	Ash-Sha‘r_a_n_i_ d.
1201	‘Abd al-Wahh_a_b d. = A. D. 1787.
1205	Sayyid Murta_da_ d.; al-Fu_da_l_i_ fl. circ. 1220.
1252	Foundation of Brotherhood of as-San_u_s_i_ = A.D, 1837.
1260	Ibr_a_h_i_m al-B_a_j_u_r_i_ d.; Decree of Porte that apostate Muslims should not be put to death.
1275	Death of founder of Brotherhood of as-San_u_s_i_ = A.D. 1859.