Around 12,000 B.C., the highly skilled Cretan Andites practiced metalworking after migrating to Crete from the mainland. [1] Early commerce in metals accelerated the urbanization and specialization of trade among highly civilized tribes across the ancient world. [2] Early wars were fought over natural deposits of metals. [3] Andite artisans from the Euphrates valley greatly enhanced Egyptian metalworking by working iron ores from Mount Sinai. [4] Adamites in the garden excelled in metalworking among other cultural achievements that laid the foundations of modern art, science, and literature. [5] Metalworking and all the arts of manufacture in China began after 10,000 B.C. [6]
In early cities, the widespread use of metals characterized the era of industrial and trading centers, where advanced civilizations like the Andites worked with iron, gold, and copper, alongside bronze cultures dating back to before 9000 B.C., creating a unique mix of metalworking techniques across different localities. [7] Jesus became skilled at the anvil while apprenticing with a smith in Sepphoris. [8]
Andite artisans from the Euphrates brought their metalworking expertise to Egypt, transforming the use of iron ores from Mount Sinai rather than those from Black Sea regions. [9] Prince’s staff taught early man to work with metals and fire, despite their fear of confined steam. [10] The Sumerians practiced advanced metalworking techniques, contributing to their sudden appearance in Mesopotamia with a superior culture. [11] Syria was center of greatly improved methods of metalworking. [12]